Downdraft continuous kiln.



Fig.1.

' F. D. SHAW.

DOWNDRAFT CONTINUOUS 1.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.9, 1912 4 snnn vsnnm 1.

w flfises. I I inventor 1 v ji anceafi MM @WM F. D. SHAW DOWNDRAFT CONTINUOUS KILN.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9, 1912.-

Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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I @w/zcea 110726110 DOWNDRAFT CONTINUOUS KILN. APPLICATION FILED MAB-9, 1912.

P. D. SHAW- Patented Mar.30, 1915.

4 SHEBTS-SHEET 3.

[women/f0? A Q W- F. D. SHAW.

' DOWNDRAFT CONTINUOUS KILN. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9, 1912.

: 1,133,582 Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

Wi/bmesseaz Jnuezztor W 5 zzcesfl'aw FRANCES D. SHAW, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DOWNDRAFT CONTINUOUS KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 3%, 1915.

Application filed March 9, 1912. Serial No. 682,733.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANCES D. SHAW, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Downdraft Contlnuous Kilns, of which the following is a full, clear, concise and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to down draft'kilns I and has for its object a more improved and suitable steel-work simplified construction thanhas heretofore been attained.

My .invention primarily consists of a superstructure of masonry supported by from a foundation. This particular arrangement minimizes to a great extent the amount of work necessary in building the kiln as well as provides a.

cheaper construction than has been possible heretbfore.

In conjunction with the kiln I have employed heating means which are adapted to cause a heating medium to be directed from above against objects or material being passed through the kiln. This has the ad vantage of directing the greatest heat where there is the least amount of weight. That is, the upper portions of the objects receive moreheat than the lower portions. Further, that when the heat is directed from above it is more evenly distributedupon the parts that are to be vitrified or burned.

My invention also comprises sealing means for use preferably between the steel-work of the kiln and the cars 'as they pass through the kiln. This particular sealing mech'a nismzprefe ija-bly consists of a canvas hose or similar. material fastened in such a way as to engage a p'rbjecting shelf upon each ie of the car.

My invention also contemplates in addition to the above features means for utilizing the heat in the central burning chamber for the generation of steam that may be used either in the power plantthat propels the cars through the kiln or the steam so generated may be employed as part of the burning mixture in order to secure the require amount of heat for the burning process. I have also disposed suitable dampers in the central burning section of the kiln so that different portions of this chamber ma be put out of commission if desired.

My invention will be clearly understood ets 10 each of which contains tor for the production of a burning mediiiin.

by reference to the accompanying drawings in which 'Figure 1 is a more or less diagrammatic plan view of the kiln embodying features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal scotional view taken along the line 2-2 of the entranceend of the kiln. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken through the central burning chamber. Fig. 4 is a sectional view, taken along line 4-l of Fig. 1 illustrating particularly the stack and the drains forthe same. Fig. 5 is a cross sectional View taken'through .the burning section of the kiln. Fig. 6 is aside view of the parts shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a. view illustrating particularly the modified arrangement for a mixture of steam and oil to be used as a burning medium. At the outset it may be well to state that the kiln of my invention is constructed preferably of a superstructure 1 of masonry built upon I beams 22 runninglongitudinally of the kiln. These beams are supported from the foundation 3 by means of suitable steel columns which may be properly riveted or secured to the I beams. In addition to these columns 4-4 there are employed reinforcing members 5-5 of steel which are used primarily for the support of the rails 6-6. The members 55 are reinforced from the members 4-4 as shown in the drawings. The rails are adapted to support cars 7 which may be suitably arranged with a platform of fire brick 8 upon which are ,placed the bricks 9-9 that are to be vitrified or burned. In order to secureas rigid a construction as possible buck stays 5 are embedded in the foundation and extend upward and are connected by means of bolts at the top. The buck stays are dis :olsed at Suitable intervals lengthwise of the in n.

.Each side of the kiln has a series of. pockgas ner This gas generator consists preferably of a pan 11 and a conical shaped member 12 having slots cure the proper mixture for burning the brick hat are being passed through the kiln, I have disposed an oil pipe 13 oneach side of the kiln which is connected with a small lead pipe 14 directed 'to a funnel-15 which is connected with a pipe running into the member 12. A suitable valve is connecttherethrough. In order to se ed with this pipe so that the amount of oil mayfbfig li zifii Tn dfi. $11 col employ Water which may be suppfic tho 2ipe l6 and Whichn'my e dii'e'ctec i, the. funnel in a manna siiniizar to that of ill-s} 15 oil. This W tor may contain a. nzixmza nmmoni um mtmi s or analgous chem m 13. so as to faciiimi'e the burning Hon upon the brick. ifhe goo U 'zav b e V by allowing 5-; small amoun of oil in chi. inio i the pan 1;. The oil is than, 'i ightoci l1 11.5%

with 2. pmper prom: 1011 w. Wm; l'flt'imtion viii) the air v par combustion mo lilffil 1g ihmugh iho nook "im leii IT 1w? 15; and. into TM pivotiasso- "Grim-n 10mdm'ft {Rough up o 91 18v cl may 57misp-zacml imxfi of through those associmiod Wiuh a drum. The ontml burning chmnbor is proviiioii at the 'ubpezpox-Lion theraof mm a series 01" steam pipes 23 which receive their so t of Water from asuituble source and u are heated by the profiucs 0'5 conabnmiiox H they are drawn into this c'hzunbar from: .1 individual generators@isposed on the m of'the kiln. The steam so gonemtw? may ho used in the power plant of the svsien; or otherwise aswill be later ilesc'ribeo, In Fig. '1 is diagrammatically means by which these stanL pig 1 connected atone end\Wit11,,a xmtejp pipe 24' and atthe other end to :1 pk

v whichvis used-to dirent thostcam olio V to an engine 26 which is suitably geared 1o wsheave 2'? which inturn is connected by means of a cable 28:to: another s'nmwe 29 at the entrance and of thnkiln; The contra burning chamber isvpmferably divirlm'i into three sectionsv so as' tosecure :dfifferent-4iegrees .of-heatif necessary, hi ofqhor woxtd's,

' it maybecomedesinabiom; times to out down -the capacity oftho kiln eithr ono thirdpr Itwo thirds. andgjn -my, oysiox nwpt-orvision made fog doin'g thirggby arranging:'flgn'npers '30 ada ted, to beopemted b handles 31? 1 pawl .--a'nd rat chep mocha-moms dearly end" thekiln through we openings: chamber proper.

' tho' hoso' Without any; oii ificu obgooto bemg to obta'gn g: go

rigamsaz E3 an desimbio. tn aumfi sh to bed. steam pipfis suimlxy EH bricks am being 5:) mod. 4 9; gradual 11021.!) find to *i A iozzfioi upon the ca kiin in tho (1i roc'biL in Fig. 2. Tho by to that section of th burning 'ohsunba. briake: are grating into the zono Whoni heat 00mm, Inohhor "w are d'rarwo into the? their: grachw'fly 1?; tion mm m all coded 'hefom the 01 cause too sin-13.55% e is a in? on ammed. A 015m (EEfizlUCi elm-cl of H10 outrmacc 2 times 2 ii, bo 1% 1119s (immhim mmh as when the Baton? has; pasr'aed boyondiho entrance of the kiln.

A 53111 1:31 door provided-at the opposi'te wad of c'he kiln. Any means may be used for holding these doors u};- zkbce t3: brick as the cars am being passed Imfi it may be well. to exphlrz 3 ifho nars are passing am'ougb dwimbio. ihntinore be :1 501 .1 cum and tho kiln so as to or pmion of hoat zmrl for the 731W @fioioc', thimiho pvoduof-s of combustion n ahvaj: I 011i; -fihrough l'zhoz-bumnoy 355mg one oi ing) sg-Sahng 2.1' 136 means to a minimum and yet secures excellent results in the way of preventing the dissipation of the heat required for the burning action of the brick.

In addition to the above means for the sides of the car I have employed at the front end of each car a metal extension plate which is secured in any way to the car and which projects forwardly and underneath the hind end of the preceding car and engages a seal in the form of a canvas bumper 41, the object being to have these members come into engagement to prevent the ends of the carsstriking together violently.

. Each of the cars is supplied with suitable mechanism 42 for engagement with the cable 28 so that it may be properly propelled through the kiln.

It will be apparent that from the foregoing description that all of the heat is distributed evenly upon the brick as it passes through the kiln. In other words, the heat is applied where it is needed the most and where thereis the least amount of weight. That is, the upper portions of the brick receive more heat than the lowerportions which sustain the weight. As the lower part of the kiln is composed of steel workwhich permits the exposure of the car to the atmosphere, it will be seen that practically .no part of the car is heated where it is not necessary. The only part receiving any heat would be the fire brick on top and possibly part of the sides of the car.

It may be here explained that as the products of combustion pass out of the chimney a great deal of moisture is condensed and in order to provide for this I have employed in conjunction with the chimney and at the side of the arch 18 suitable drains or gutters 43 which are adaptedto receive any dirt or water which is dripped on to the arch from the chimney. Drain pipes 4H4: are connected with these gutters and permit the dirt, etc, to be drained out. These pipes may pass through openin s in the door 4545 used in connection wit the chimney. i

I shall now describe the construction used in the modified arrangement illustrated in Fig. 7. As above stated steam is generated in the pipes 23and one way in which this steam may be used isto have it piped to the'pipes running at each side longitudinally of the kiln and to this end I employ a steam jet burner 46 which is of a construction such throughout the length of said zone.

zle 47 from the pipe 49 which has connections with the-steam pipes 23 through a pipe 53. The nozzle 50 is connected with a pipe 51 to an oil pipe 52 which is supplied from a suitable source. Valves are employed to regulate both the flow ofoil and steam so that the desired proportion for combustion is secured. A proper amount of air is allowed to flow into the central burning chamber 16' through openings 54 in proximity to the nozzles 46. These openings serve the further purpose of permitting the lighting of the oil before the steam is admitted when it is desired to start the burning process. As soon as the nozzle 50 has been heated sufiiciently the steam is allowed to pass into the nozzle 47 when a desired heat is secured owing to the addition of the proper amount of air. This heat is projected into the central chamber 16' and is drawn down through the openings or twyers in the arch by means of the natural draft and the heat will then strike the brick as above explained, thence it will pass toward the entrance end of the kiln and out through the chimney. The only difference in construction of the mechanism shown in this modified form is the heating means which. are used for burnin the brick.

It will be noted rom the foregoing description that my invention comprises means for utilizing the heat in the best possible manner by having a down draft arrangement through the arch constructed of special fire brick in the burnin /section of the kiln but which may be ot erwise constructed in the usual manger. Furthermore, a very strong constniction of the arch is secured owing to the improved arrangement. In addition to these features I 105 make use of the heat to generate steam for use in the power plant or to utilize that steam in the heating means for burning the brick.

My invention also provides a very simple 11o arrangement of the construction of the kiln. n desire to secure the following claims: 1. In a kiln, the combination of an inclosed burning chamber, a burning zone below said chamber, heat producing devices, 1 5 and passages extending from the heat producing devices to deliver the heat produced thereby downward through the top of the burning chamber'to the burning zone below 12C 2. In afkiln, thecombination of an in-, closed burning chamber, a burning zone below said chamber, oil burners, and passages extending from the oil burners to deliver the heat produced thereby downward 1 through the top of the burning chamber to the burning zone below throughout the length of the zone. 1

3. In a kihi, the combination of' an in that steam will be led in through the 1 1oz-.- closed burning chamber, a burning zone be- 3 16W said chamber, oil burners each Having a steam blast, and pass zgesfix tenfling fro said Gil burners t0 deli elj the heat, p 'oduce 1 thereby dom'xwagd the 3 an "7th t qha mbel above said arch stezun 39 .15 hvemng stegm mtg sand 1min chamber, and

through the "aoppf the 5 burnimg C.i'i2i111b6l',t0 the burning zone Ive-1 chanmer above said mick a cen'ira1 heating, (in? kiln champ ng'zunst mataermi helm venting 'lissipatien 01 for (m astack for pzliu sing ,hot to pass dowm' it continuous kihl thef bombination of a'jki ln chamber an arch of fire brick forming the, mg; of said kiln cham- 2Q b ar, mid arch having mgafiings ef'ending fihqrethi'ough throughoufib the lav h cf the burning zone, thm'e being cmxtrzu heating swam. jet burners ing chgul'foer 52.1527.

iahm'ugh said opening 'in kiln. chamber, 1

\ In Witness 'v-im cof 1 my name this 8m my 0.

Witnesses; l

; LEONARD I N ()VANDZ'EE I -BOBERT F. 511mm 

